Flu (influenza) is a respiratory tract infection caused by viral influenza A or B. Flu is a seasonal infection that occurs mostly during the winter months. The virus is transmitted in water droplets that are expelled into the air when someone who has the flu coughs, sneezes or even talks. Breathing in these droplets can then give you the flu.
Symptoms may include a runny nose, fever, cough, headache and muscle aches. Symptoms of the flu can be similar to other viral infections, but are usually more severe.
Anti-viral medications are available from your health care provider and have best results if given within two days of symptom onset. These medications can shorten the course of the infection by 1 or 2 days. Even without anti-viral medication flu is usually self limited in the general population to one week. Cough and fatigue may last a bit longer.
Treatment at home should include over-the-counter medication for fever and aches such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, extra fluid intake to avoid dehydration and lots of rest.
Complications can occur with the flu, including ear and sinus infections. Viral and bacterial pneumonia can also occur. These complications will require treatment with antibiotics or anti-virals. Hospitalization may be required in more severe cases.
The best prevention for seasonal flu is a flu shot, but remember, it takes up to two weeks for immunity to develop after the shot.
If you have any questions about your symptoms or your symptoms are severe, see you health care provider.
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